SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    359, 358, 357, 356, 355, 354, 353, 352, 
    351, 350, 349, 348
  )

Query time 0.00032

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_products",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "rows": 12,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (359,358,357,356,355,354,353,352,351,350,349,348)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}